I've been studying electroweak theory and you need to keep the Lagrangian covariant by introducing covariant derivatives. What is a covariant derivative? And what does it mean to keep the Lagrangian covariant?
Also, in electroweak symmetry breaking, the gauge bosons attain their masses via the action of a 'covariant derivative' on the Higgs field. What does this mean in physical terms?
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