Maxwell derived the shape of the probability distribution of velocity of gas particles by starting with just two assumptions.
These are:
The probability distribution is rotation invariant.
The components (of velocity of a gas particle) in the direction of the coordinate axes are statistically independent.
And the rest is lovely deduction, but I found that as a layman I don't have any physical intuition as to why the second assumption is plausible. Is there an intuitive explanation behind the second assumption? If not, is there a way to derive the second assumption from a set of more plausible-looking assumptions?
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