Sunday, July 10, 2016

electrons - Why are there two quasi Fermi levels and only one Equilibrium Fermi level?


I am reading a book and I'm trying to understand the concept of quasi Fermi levels.


For example,


A steady state of Electron Hole pairs are created at the rate of 1013 cm3 per μs in a sample of silicon.


The equilibrium concentration of electrons in the sample is n0=1014 cm3.



Also, it gives τn=τp=2 μs. I am not sure what this is but I think this is the average recombination time.


The result is that the new levels of carrier concentrations (under the described steady state) are


n=2.0×1014 (n0=1.0×1014)


p=2.0×1014 (p0=2.25×106)


I follow until here but I get a bit confused after this.


The book goes onto say that this results in two different virtual Fermi levels which are at:


FnEi=0.233 eV


EiFp=0.186 eV


The equilibrium fermi level (EF) being at EFEi=0.228 eV


My question:




  1. Why are there two different quasi fermi levels now created?

  2. Why do we not consider two different ones at equilibrium conditions?

  3. Why is it that due to a steady state input of electron hole pairs that we now consider two quasi Fermi levels?

  4. What is the relevance of these new quasi fermi levels?




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