Tuesday, February 19, 2019

capacitance - In an RLC series circuit on resonance, how can the voltages over the capacitor and the inductor be larger than the source voltage?


Consider an RLC circuit in series, of the form



If the source drives the circuit in AC at the resonance frequency $\omega =1/\sqrt{LC}$, the peak-to-peak voltages on the capacitor and the inductor, $$ V_C=\left|\frac{Z_C}{Z_\mathrm{tot}}\right|V_S=\frac{\frac{1}{\omega C}}{\sqrt{R^2+\left(\omega L-\frac{1}{\omega C}\right)^2}}V_S \quad \text{and}\quad V_L=\left|\frac{Z_L}{Z_\mathrm{tot}}\right|V_S=\frac{\omega L}{\sqrt{R^2+\left(\omega L-\frac{1}{\omega C}\right)^2}}V_S ,$$ can both be larger than the peak-to-peak voltage $V_S$ of the source.


The math might say one thing, but this is till terribly counterintuitive. How can this be?




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