I am struggling with the following problem (Irodov 3.3):
Two small equally charged spheres, each of mass m, are suspended from the same point by silk threads of length l. The distance between the spheres x≪l. Find the rate dqdt with which the charge leaks off each sphere if their approach velocity varies as v=a√x, where a is a constant.
This is embarrassingly simple; we make an approximation for x≪l and get 14πϵ0q2x2−mgx2l=m¨x.
However, in general, dqdt will depend on x and hence on t. The answer in the back of the book and other solutions around the web have dqdt a constant.
You can get this by assuming that at each moment the spheres are in equilibrium, so that you have ¨x=0 in the equation of motion above.
Does the problem tacitly imply we should assume equilibrium and hence dqdt is constant, or am I missing something entirely? I.e. why is the assumption of equilibrium justified? I understand reasoning like "the process happens very gradually, so the acceleration is small compared to other quantities in the problem," but I don't understand how that is justified by the problem itself, where we are simply given that the spheres are small (so we can represent them as points) and x≪l (which we have used to approximate the gravity term in the equation of motion).
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