Thursday, December 27, 2018

Relation between Black-Scholes equation and quantum mechanics


I am interested in the link between the Black & Scholes equation and quantum mechanics.


I start from the Black & Scholes PDE Ct=12σ2S22CS2rSCS+rC

with the boundary condition C(T,S(T))=(S(T)K)+.
Performing the change of variables q=ln(S) this equation rewrites Ct=HBSC
with the Black & Scholes Hamiltonian given by HBS=σ222q2+(12σ2r)q+r.


Now I compare this equation with the Schrödinger equation for the free particle of mass m : idψ(t)dt=H0ψ(t),ψ(0)=ψ

with the Hamiltonian (in the coordinate representation) given by H0=22md2dq2.


My problem comes from the fact that the various references I am reading for the moment explain that the two models are equivalent up to some changes of variables (namely =1, m=1/σ2 and the physical time t replaced by the Euclidean time it). However, their justifications for the presence of the terms (12σ2r)q+r

in the Hamiltonian seem very suspicious to me. One of them tells that these terms are "a (velocity-dependent) potential". Another one tells this term is not a problem since it can be easily removed is we choose a frame moving with the particle.


I have actually some difficulties to justify why, even with this term, we can say that the Black & Scholes system is equivalent to the one coming from the quantum free particle. I don't like this potential argument, since (for me) a potential should be a function of q (so it would be ok for example for the +r term) but not depending on a derivative.


Could you give me your thoughts on this problem?





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