Monday, December 17, 2018

quantum mechanics - A simple question on $SU(2)$ gauge transformations in Wen's papers on projective symmetry group (PSG)?


Recently I am studying the projective symmetry group (PSG) and the associated concept of quantum order first proposed by prof.Wen.



In Wen's paper, see the last line of Eq.(8), the local SU(2) gauge transformation for spinor operators is deļ¬ned as $\psi_i\rightarrow G_i\psi_i$, where $\psi_i=(\psi_{1i},\psi_{2i})^T$ are fermionic operators and $G_i\in SU(2)$. Why we define it like this?


Since as we know, the Shcwinger fermion representation for spin-1/2 can be written as $\mathbf{S}_i=\frac{1}{4}tr(\Psi_i^\dagger\mathbf{\sigma}\Psi_i)$, where $\Psi_i=\begin{pmatrix} \psi_{1i} & -\psi_{2i}^\dagger \\ \psi_{2i} & \psi_{1i}^\dagger \end{pmatrix}$, and $G_i\Psi_i$ which is the same as the above transformation $\psi_i\rightarrow G_i\psi_i$ is in fact a spin rotation of $\mathbf{S}_i$, while $\Psi_iG_i$ does not change spin $\mathbf{S}_i$ at all.


So in Eq.(8), why we define the SU(2) gauge transformation as $G_i\Psi_i$ rather than $\Psi_iG_i$?




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