You are on a quest to the find the lost kingdom of Acarien. On your way, you end up at a fork in the road. Both paths look exactly the same. At the junction sits a wise man. The wise man will only speak the words “ça” or “ɠa” meaning either yes or no (you don’t know which means which). The wise man will answer any yes-no question truthfully but will only answer one question. What one question can you ask the wise man which from which you will be sure which path leads to Acarien?
Answer
Question to be asked = "If I ask you if this is the correct path to go, would you say ça" ? 4 possibilities:
ca = yes
path' correctness = yes
reply= yes (ca)
ca = yes
path' correctness = no
reply= no (ga)
ca = no
path' correctness = yes
reply= no (ca)
ca = no
path' correctness = no
reply= yes (ga)
Hence we see whenever reply is ga the path is incorrect, if the word asked in the question to the wise man was ca .
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