Does the Friedmann vacuum equation have a linear solution rather than an exponential one?
Using natural units one can write Friedmann's equation for the vacuum as (˙aa)2=8πG3ρvac=L2(ρ0L4)
where I define the Planck length L=(8πGℏ/3c3)1/2, ℏ=c=1, and ρ0 is a dimenionless constant.
Now let us interpret the Planck length L to be the size of the smallest volume of space that can be described by general relativity.
But the Weyl postulate, together with cosmological observations, also imply that space is expanding.
Therefore we must have
L=a(t)L0
where L0 is the Planck length measured at the reference time t0 where a(t0)=1.
Inserting Eq.(2) into Eq.(1) we find
(˙aa)2=L20(ρ0a2L40)
where the Friedmann equation (3) has been rescaled in terms of the Planck length L0 measured at the reference time t0.
Eq.(3) has a linear solution
a(t)=tt0.
The scaled mass density ρ(t) of the vacuum is not constant but rather given by
ρ(t)=ρ0a2L40=1t2L20.
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