Consider a Hamiltonian
ˆH=−∂2x−∂2y+(x−y)Q,
where x,y∈[0,a] (homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions assumed), and Q is some real parameter.
When Q=0, the Hamiltonian describes a 2D particle in a box, and the symmetry group is dihedral group of order 8, which has two complex conjugate irreducible representations, giving rise to a two-fold degeneracy of spectrum.
But choosing Q≠0 should lift this degeneracy, because, as it seems, the symmetry reduces to cyclic group of order 2. But when I solve Schrödinger's equation with this setting, the degeneracy doesn't appear to be lifted, no matter how large Q I take! So, I must be missing some other symmetry operations than just reflection with respect to x=a−y line.
So, what are these extra symmetry operations? Or is the extra symmetry here something hidden like dynamical symmetry of Coulomb potential?
What's interesting, the degeneracy is lifted when I take (x−y)α instead of (x−y), where α≠1. Also what's common between the cases of Q=0 and Q≠0 is that Schrödinger's equation is separable, unlike the case of α≠1.
Actually, ˆH is a sum of two Hamiltonians acting on independent degrees of freedom and having identical spectra. This somewhat gives intuitive expectation that the spectrum must be degenerate: there do exist states like |a⟩⊗|b⟩ as well as |b⟩⊗|a⟩ (with appropriate modifications), which must have equal energies, but still: what symmetry group results to explain the degeneracy from symmetry POV?
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