Let me set up the notation I am using. (abc,de) denotes the standard Young tableau where the first row is abc and the second row is de. Each young tableau corresponds to the young symmetriser, and I use the convention that given the Young tableau λ young symmetriser is given by,
Pλ=Na.b where a=∑σ∈Rowgroupσ, and b=∑σ∈Column−group(sgnσ)σ. N stands for normaliser such that Pλ is idempotent (P2λ=Pλ).
The action of the symmetric group on an abstract tensor is by means of shuffling the indices. I know that the following identity is true.
1=∑iPλi Here λi are all the Standard young tableau of a given number of boxes. Applying this identity to any abstract tensor should give the same tensor back. And if this abstract tensor is completely arbitrary, i.e does not have any symmetries in its indices this decomposition yields components living in each irreps. OK. My question is when we have tensor products, then we use Littlewood-Richardson rule to find a one of the basis tensors representing each irreducible space. However I am interested in not just treating the tensor product as a vector space and finding the disjoint union of irreducible vector spaces, that each young tableau corresponds to and acting with the Young symmetriser yields one of the basis tensors.
I would like to find out the given tensor in each irreducible space. Let me give an example. Suppose I have a rank 3 tensor that is antisymmetric in the first 2 indices. I can treat this as a tensor product of (a,b)⊗c(Here ab is a column as per my notation.) Applying LRH I get, (ac,b),(a,b,c). Using the young symmetriser I defined above, I act with this normalised young symmetriser on the tensor Tab|c (here the bar is used to group anti-symmetric indices). I get,
Tabc1=Pac,bTab|c=23(Tab|c+Tcb|a) (1)
Tabc2=Pa,b,cTab|c=13(Tab|c+Tbc|a+Tca|b) (2)
Now T1+T2≠T as is clear. However when I project each component using the young symmetrisers associated with the factors of the tensor product, in this case it is Pa,b I get T back. That is
T=Pa,b(T1+T2) Explicitly, Pa,bTabc1=23Tab|c+13(Tcb|a−Tca|b),
Therefore, Pa,b(Tabc1+Tabc2)=23Tab|c+13(Tcb|a−Tca|b)+13(Tab|c+Tbc|a+Tca|b)=Tab|c.
Is this relationship true in general i,e suppose I have a tensor product which I write as Tλ1|λ2 where λ1,λ2 denote the factors belonging to irreps corresponding to the Standard tableaux. Then is the following relationship TRUE, and how do I prove this?
Tλ1|λ2=Pλ1Pλ2×(irreducible components we get by using young symmetrisers generated by LRR and acting on Tλ1|λ2). In short I want to know if the component of this tensor product living in the irreducible rep characterised by the tableau ν generated by LRR is,
Pλ1Pλ2Tν?
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