Sunday, September 30, 2018

quantum mechanics - To calculate the correlation functions of an XX spin chain, Wick's theorem is used. But is it valid for a chain of any size?


The correlation functions found in Barouch and McCoy's paper (PRA 3, 2137 (1971)) for the XX spin chain use a method which uses Wick's theorem. For the zz correlation function, this gives


σzlσzl+R=σzl2G2R


where for R=1, G1=σxlσxl+1+σylσyl+1/2.


If I calculate σzlσzl+1 both explicitly and using the equation above for 8 qubits, I get different answers.


So is Wick's theorem still valid for 8 qubits, which means I've just made a mistake? Or is it valid only in the thermodynamic limit?


Thanks


Edit:



Thanks for your replies everyone. @lcv However, I haven't used the analytical diagonalisation for this - I have simply used Mathematica to diagonalise the 8 qubit chain numerically after substituting arbitrary values for the coupling strength, magnetic field and temperature. Hence it can't be an error in the diagonalisation. It is the thermal average I have calculated, that is σzl=tr(ρσzl) where ρ=eH/T/tr(eH/T) and T is temperature. But in doing this, I find that σzlσzl+Rσzl2G21 where I've defined G1 above.


Edit2 (@marek @lcv @Fitzsimons @Luboš) I'm going to try to clarify - The open XX Hamiltonian in a magnetic field is


H=J2N1l=1(σxlσxl+1+σylσyl+1)BNl=1σzl


In Mathematica, I have defined the Pauli spin matrices, then the Hamiltonian for 8 qubits. I then put in values for J, B and T, and calculate the thermal density matrix,


ρ=eH/Ttr(eH/T)


So now I have numerical density matrix. I then calculate σzlσzl+1=tr(ρσzlσzl+1) using the definitions of the Pauli spin matrices and ρ.


Next I calculate σzlσzl+R using the result from Wick's theorem which gives σzl2G2R where for R=1, G1=σxlσxl+1+σylσyl+1/2. I again use the Pauli spin matrices I defined and the same numerical ρ to calculate them.


But I get a different (numerical) answer for each of these.




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