The Walecka or $\sigma$/$\omega$-model is an effective theory describing nucleon-nucleon interaction by an exchange of $\sigma$/$\omega$-mesons. Why does it not include interactions by pions?
Answer
I want to cite the original paper of Walecka where he awnsers your question:
From Annals of Physics 83/2 (1974) p. 491 "A theory of highly condensed matter
"The reader might object to the fact that there is no one-pion exchange tail in this interaction; however, the strong spin and isospin dependence of the potential arising from the exchange of an isovector, pseudoscalar pion implies that the contribution of the one-pion exchange potential to the bulk proerties of nuclear matter largely averages to zero"
Hope this helps
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