Friday, November 22, 2019

quantum field theory - Geometric series for two-point function


In deriving the expression for the exact propagator


$$G_c^{(2)}(x_1,x_2)=[p^2-m^2+\Pi(p)]^{-1}$$


for $\phi^4$ theory all books that i know use the following argument:



$$G_c^{(2)}(x_1,x_2)=G_0^{(2)}+G_0^{(2)}\Pi G_0^{(2)}+G_0^{(2)}\Pi G_0^{(2)}\Pi G_0^{(2)}+...$$


wich is a geometric series so the formula for the exact propagator.Here


$$G_0^{(2)}$$


is the free propagator and


$$\Pi=X+Y+Z+...+W$$


is the sum of all irreducible diagrams.Here the irreducible diagrams is represented by $X,Y,Z,...,W$.


Using the path integral i can see, that connected diagrams $D$ can be written in the form


$$D=G_0^{(2)}XG_0^{(2)}Z...G_0^{(2)}W$$


Question: But how to prove that there is no constant $C$ so that instead we have


$$D=G_0^{(2)}XG_0^{(2)}Z...G_0^{(2)}W$$



we would have


$$D=CG_0^{(2)}XG_0^{(2)}Z...G_0^{(2)}W~?$$


In the last case we would not have a geometrical serie. Can someone explain me i t please or give me another way to derive it.




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