Sunday, July 29, 2018

quantum mechanics - Invariance of a maximally entangled state under unitary operation UotimesUdagger




Apparently the (d-dimensional) maximally entangled state, |E=i|ii/d is invariant under operations of the form UU. I want to prove this result, which amounts to showing that


(iU|iV|i=i|ii)(V=U)


I have no idea how to even start. I suppose it's some simple linear algebra result, but I don't see it. A hint would be appreciated.



Answer



Write the terms U|i and V|i explicitly in the matrix form, e.g., U|i=k|kUki and analogously. Then play with exchanging the three summations of indices, you should get it proved.


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